Canada's approach to creating sustainable jobs includes identifying and pursuing opportunities for regional economic transformation that will lead to sustained economic growth compatible with a net-zero economy. occasional actor, Hynes made his theatrical debut playing celebrated Newfoundland balladeer Johnny Burke. Power; and Newfoundland and Labrador Hydro. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The province's first TV station, CJON, was opened in 1955; originally a CBC affiliate, it became associated with the national CTV network With opportunities accessible through cheap transportation by land, air and sea, they moved on, mostly to central or western Canada. The first newspaper published in Newfoundland was the weekly St John's Royal Gazette (1807). In 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert sailed into St John's Harbour and claimed the Island for England. Roads were local, narrow and generally unpaved. Like the Beothuk, the Innu and Inuit of Labrador also suffered upon the arrival of the Europeans. In the second half of the 20th century, the industry was allowed to overexpand, and heavy fishing by Canadian and foreign trawlers severely depleted groundfish stocks, including cod. Nicole is a proud Newfoundlander and Labradorian who is raising her daughter and building a life with her partner in the province. At Hydro we work to foster positive work-life balance and offer remote or hybrid working arrangements for some positions based on the nature of work being performed and an assessm The interior of Labrador is a well-forested, dissected plateau. It was replaced, over time, by a technologically advanced and capital-intensive industry based on catching and processing groundfish (cod, hake, flounder, and redfish) in large plants in order to produce frozen goods for the North American market. In 1675 those opposed to settlement persuaded the English government to order all the settlers to leave. The Fisheries and Marine Institute in St For a long time, the most vital activity of the economy was cod fishing, while fishermen used farming as a . Elsewhere, rail has been replaced by road. The referendum proved inconclusive except that Newfoundlanders were unwilling to retain the Commission government. As chances for local employment diminished, young people left the province at an annual rate of about 5,000. more than doubled and was divided between Roman Catholic and Protestant school boards. We work to define opportunities, develop strategies, focus innovation, and attract investment in key sectors for Newfoundland and Labrador. Newfoundland and Labrador is a resource-based economy. painters such as David Blackwood, and Christopher and Mary Pratt, theatre groups such as the Black spruce makes up approximately one third of Newfoundlands forests and two thirds of Labradors forests. Pop. The inland areas of the island are generally hilly and rugged. With respect to oil, there are four major offshore projects in production: Hibernia, Terra Nova, White Rose and Hebron. In 153536 Jacques Cartier demonstrated that Newfoundland was an island by sailing through Cabot Strait as well as the Strait of Belle Isle. According to the report, the industry directly supports some 3,000 high-paying jobs. Newfoundland and Labrador, province of Canada composed of the island of Newfoundland and a larger mainland sector, Labrador, to the northwest. up markets for English salt cod. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. English, Newfoundland. The report provides an independent perspective on the provinces economic challenges and outlines priorities for moving toward economic recovery. Along the south coast, settlement spread into St Marys, Placentia Newfoundland and Labrador Newfoundland, the youngest of the Canadian provinces, joined Confederation in 1949. The northeast coast, with its numerous bays, islands and headlands, Melvin Baker, Jacqueline Mcisaac, And Erin James-abra. Bay Roberts. Today, the industry has largely shifted toward shellfish. Although England was involved in some of the earliest voyages to Newfoundland, its role in the migratory fishery was small before the 1570s. Department of Finance as the dangers of a trans-Atlantic crossing increased; and many West Country fishermen were pressed into the British Navy. Of these minerals, iron ore accounts for well over half the value of the industry, followed by nickel and copper. New Motor Vehicle Sales Down 15.1% in 2022. Elsewhere the population is of predominantly European origin, the majority descended from immigrants from southwestern England and southern Ireland. Tel: (709) 729-3166 and perhaps aggravating the political, religious and social tensions that periodically upset 19th-century Newfoundland. A section of the Trans-Canada Highway crosses Newfoundland, generally following the route of the old rail line. Gander continues to serve as an international crossroads for aircraft carrying goods and people to distant corners of the world. New industries were launched with government-backing and although most failed including a steel Other post-secondary institutions include the College of the North Atlantic and 26 colleges of applied arts, technology and continuing education. Less than one per cent of the agricultural land in Canada belongs to Newfoundland and Labrador, and about half of it is confined to the northern Avalon Author of. In the years leading up to the collapse of the Atlantic fishery in the 1990s, 5 to 6 per cent of the labour force was employed by the fishing, hunting and trapping industries. Increased economic activity, especially in the St John's metropolitan region, has contributed to the province experiencing in-migration. By 1775 the population of Newfoundland had risen to nearly 12,000. Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore: Big numbers, big potential Labrador is bordered to the north and east by the Labrador Sea (northwestern arm of the Atlantic Ocean) and to the south and west by the province of Quebec. APEC's worst-case projection forecasts NL's GDP could be 15 per cent lower by 2040. Increased danger at sea also meant that many more people chose to remain on the Island, thus spurring population growth. However, the French failed to consolidate their victory; and by the summer of 1697, the settlements were re-occupied and a British garrison had been established at St John's. There is a summer ferry service that travels across the Strait of Belle Isle between Blanc Sablon, Quebec, and St. Barbe, Newfoundland. A number of mines and quarries on the island produce gold, silica, barite, dolomite, gypsum, dimension stone, sand, gravel, and peat. Some Mining and minerals is one of Newfoundland and Labrador's most valuable natural resources. in the country. Internal, national, and international air connections are provided by Air Canada and other carriers. Please select which sections you would like to print: Professor Emeritus of History, Memorial University, St. James, Newfoundland. A regular ferry service that connected the railway to the mainland Canadian rail system in Nova Scotia began in 1898. Together they accounted for $123 billion, or about 5.5 per cent, of Canada's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2018. lighthouses and the most easterly point in North America; Port au Choix, site of ancient Maritime archaic and native cultures; and L'anse aux Meadows, the sole confirmed Viking another French force, led by Jacques Testard de Montigny, destroyed many of the English settlements but it too was a short-lived victory and the English soon returned. Established in 1823 with a special concern for educating Newfoundland's poor, by the early 1840s this society had nondenominational schools in many towns and outports. Phone: 1-709-729-3017 For example, research and development spending totalled $130 million between 2015 and 2018, and spending on education and training totalled $45 million in that same time period. Newfoundland and Labrador is divided by three of Canadas seven physiographic regions. and goods and services became accessible to many parts formerly isolated in winter. but government-funded, church-administered education survives today. Summers, W. (2021). ". The Protestant grant eventually was distributed among several Protestant denominations. These were mostly female servants, many of whom married local servants and planters. The most significant industrial activities are based on local raw materials, such as fish processing plants. Context: Energy Examined aims to provide an engaging insiders perspective for the public. The eastern parts contain tundra with permafrost.Some of the mountains in the North are permanently covered in ice.South of the treeline, particularly in Yukon and the Mackenzie River basin, grow vast, rich forests. In 1621, George Calvert began a settlement at The best known Beothuk were two women, Mary March (Desmasduwit) and Shawnadithit, The APEC report outlines various general fiscal measures the province could take (not specific to the offshore industry) but makes one point very clear: the sustainable development of NLs natural resources is critical to the provinces economy. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. the Gasp Peninsula and New Brunswick, began to travel the Gulf of St Lawrence in order to trade fur for European goods. The removal of the French in 1713 led to an expansion of English settlement beyond the original English Shore. COMMENTARY: Canada has the potential to be a natural-gas powerhouse, Hibernia offshore project marks 25 years of oil production. as the Queens representative, the lieutenant-governor holds the highest provincial office, though in reality this role is largely symbolic. During the prehistoric period, a group of people referred to by archaeologists as the Maritime Archaic lived in the area now known as Newfoundland and Labrador from about 8000 to 3200 BCE. Newfoundland (/ n u f n (d) l n d /, locally / n u f n d l n d /; French: Terre-Neuve, Canadian French: [ta.nv]; Mikmaq: Ktaqmkuk) is a large island off the east coast of the North American mainland and the most populous part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.It has 29 percent of the province's land area. Instead it confirmed the position of the fishing admirals and gave the commanders of the Royal Naval ships that accompanied The program expired in May 1999. Although the cod fishery remained the main industry, increased population led to a more diversified economy: logging, shipbuilding, Updated with Consumer Price Index Data for 2021. In 1662, the first French colony was established in Newfoundland at Placentia. Newfoundland and Labrador provincial flower, Australia, United States, Canada, or Ireland? The major airports at St. Johns (Torbay), Gander, Deer Lake, Stephenville, Goose Bay, and Wabush are supplemented by smaller facilities at such centres as St. Anthony and Nain. How much do you know about Canadas offshore? A number of railway branchlines were built on the island between 1909 and 1914. Exploration for petroleum and natural gas began offshore in the 1960s, and there have been numerous significant discoveries on the Grand Banks and the Labrador Shelf. Nicole was raised in a multi-generational community and has been working to create communities of care in her personal and professional life ever since. The largest concentrations are in retailing and health care, though significant numbers are employed in education, public administration, and various professional services. The two courses include: Economic and Community Development in Newfoundland and Labrador; and Capacity, Placemaking, and Opportunity Management. Its total area is 405, 720 km2, of which Labrador makes up almost three-quarters (294,330 km2). There are several hydroelectric power plants, the largest being Churchill Falls Generating Station. Twenty-one years later, the first court of oyer and terminer (hear and determine) was held at St John's with a jury made up of local residents. The first colony was founded by the London and Bristol Company at Cupers Cove (now Cupids) in Conception Bay in 1610, and in 1611, 40 men and 16 women arrived to start the settlement. Ferryland, and Carbonear was settled by at least 1627. Although most of the rocks are igneous and metamorphic formations of Precambrian age (i.e., older than about 540 million years), the Labrador trough, in the west, contains softer sedimentary deposits and includes some of North Americas most extensive iron-ore deposits. The salt-cod fishery was the principal occupation and the mainstay of the economy, but there was also logging, mining and agriculture. There were a few Irish settlers among the first colonists in Newfoundland but the majority was English. Updates? National and regional airlines provide regular scheduled education: Newfoundland and the Maritime Provinces. Hyness songs have been recorded by many other Newfoundland artists, The French Revolution (178999) and Napoleonic Wars (17991815) saw dramatic change in Newfoundland. These fisheries have been the single most important factor in shaping the history and character of the land and its people. Decisions of the Supreme Courts of Newfoundland and of Canada in 1983 and 1984 declared that ownership of offshore resources (specifically Ministers Office. However, Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Growth Forecast. from ports in France, Spain, Portugal and England sailing each spring and returning in the fall with salt cod. margin, 52 per cent to 48 per cent. Though small, the sector has expanded steadily, with the main emphasis on poultry and dairy products. Settlement gradually spread and became permanent. In interior Labrador hundreds of lakes have been combined by canals, dikes and dams, plant in North America, with a generating capacity of over 5,400 megawatts (MW). There are many opportunities for employment in Newfoundland and Labrador including technical experts, tradespeople, professionals, research, education, health care, the fishery, and agriculture. now catch a variety of species for delivery to the plants, where the fish were quick-frozen for new markets, chiefly in the US. six judicial districts, and justices of the peace and constables were appointed from among the local population. When John Cabot arrived in 1497, the Beothuk inhabited all parts of the island. There are 40 seats in Newfoundland and Labradors provincial government. Its capital city, St. Johns (on Newfoundland), for instance, is closer to the coast of Ireland than it is to Winnipeg, Manitoba. The Atlantic Provinces Economic Council (APEC) has released an insightful report titled Challenges and Prospects for Newfoundland and Labradors Economy. Settlement increased throughout the 19th century. Petroleum Exploration Enhancement Program, Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board (C-NLOPB), Hydrocarbon Discoveries Offshore Newfoundland and Labrador, Publications Mines and Mineral Development, Online Mineral Licence Staking and Maintenance, Guidelines for Exploration and Assessment Reporting, Mineral Exploration Assessment Reports (Geofiles), Properties for Option from Prospectors of Newfoundland and Labrador, Explore Newfoundland and Labrador Commodity Posters, Aspects of Mining in Newfoundland and Labrador, Capacity Building and Opportunity Management, Clean Technology and Environmental Industries, Information and Communications Technology, Publications Electricity and Renewable Energy, Economic Development and Growth Enterprise Program (EDGE), Prospectors Grants, Training & Application Forms, Junior Exploration Assistance Program (JEA). When the of the Irishmen among the soldiers stationed in St John's in 1697 also settled on the Island. Cathy Jones, Bob Joy, Greg Malone, no longer has the confidence of the House of Assembly (see Minority Government). Box 8700 coasts. This period also saw the beginning of a seasonal fishery between Newfoundland and Labrador, and merchants establishing premises on the Labrador coast to collect furs and exploit the cod, salmon and seal fisheries. Following the Robert Bourassa Generating Facility in Quebec, Churchill Falls is the second largest hydroelectric on the island of Newfoundland. Labrador probably received its name from the Portuguese designation, "Terra del Lavradors. The lack of good soil, the small domestic market, and a relatively short growing season have militated against the development of agriculture in Newfoundland and Labrador, and most foodstuffs are imported. The seasonality of some occupations is partially compensated for by the federal governments employment insurance plan. three-quarters (294,330 km2). Summers, Geography of Newfoundland (1965); J.A. The @ConfBoardofCda estimates our GDP will rebound by over 2% in 2023 and 2024, with employment staying fairly stable - after unemployment hit a record low in 2022. A narrow-gauge railway was built during the 1880s and 90s from St. Johns to ChannelPort aux Basques along a route that touched the major bays. By the 1830s several weekly and biweekly newspapers were established in St John's and in the major outports. . or Dominion was then held. art and life, including his documentary The Man of a Thousand Songs (2010), about the Newfoundland folk singer Ron Hynes. The project represents the best undeveloped hydroelectric source in North America, with an expected capacity of about 3,000 MW. The huge iron ore mines of western Labrador came into production in the 1950s. Food and beverage manufacturing also employs a significant number of people. P.O. Before 1930 the fishing industry concentrated on the production and sale of salted and sun-cured cod. Customers on the island are supplied mainly by hydroelectric developments there (such as the one at Bay dEspoir) through a privately owned utility. site in North America, which was declared a United Nations World Heritage Site in 1978. The Early economics of Labrador was tied largely to the abundance of whales, cod and other fish species. government, and the leader of this party becomes premier. Mandate Letter hinterland. The impact of the economic recessions of the late 1970s, early 1980s and early 1990s were sharply felt in Newfoundland, although there was no comparison with the desperate conditions of the Great Depression in the early 1930s. In response to this development, the industry has diversified with some success into shellfish (primarily crab and shrimp), and there has been a significant expansion in aquaculture. Overall, industrys emissions are one-third lower than the global average. Royalties and employment would also decline. Newfoundland and Labrador is delivering affordable and reliable renewable energy to the people of the province and beyond, while developing and using its renewable energy resources in a way that protects the environment and grows jobs and the industry." Honourable Andrew Parsons Minister of Industry, Energy and Technology Natural Resources Building Pratt, signed in 1713, awarded Newfoundland to England and left the French with fishing rights to the French Shore, a section of the coast between Cape Bonavista and Point Riche. In addition to the eight major airports serving Newfoundland and Labrador (located in St John's, Gander, Deer Lake, Stephenville, Happy Valley-Goose Bay, St Anthony, Churchill Falls and Wabush). The global oil price collapse in 2020 hit the NL economy hard, then COVID triggered widespread lockdowns and a rapid decline in demand for oil both domestically and around the world. The establishment of railways, roads and airports brought changes. Certain elements in the West Country fishery objected to year-round settlement and some legislation was passed in an effort restrict it. The pulp and paper mills at Corner Brook and Grand Falls substantially increased production, and mines at Buchans, St Lawrence and Wabana worked to capacity. Canada accepted Newfoundland at midnight on 31 March 1949, and Smallwood became premier of the first provincial government. St. Johns, NL A1B 4J6 and Fortune bays. The economy recovered remarkably towards the end of the 1930s, mainly because of increasing demand for products from the sea, mines and forests, and because of increased activity in defence-based construction in anticipation of Second World War. One of Canadas most esteemed songwriters and The naval governors sailed to Newfoundland each spring and returned to England in the fall. On the west coast of the Island there are pockets of people of French descent (mostly Acadian) Shallow bogs and heath vegetation covers much of the land. P.O. Bush flying has been important in Newfoundland since the 1920s, and some isolated areas still rely on ski- or float-equipped small aircraft or helicopter service for mail and emergencies. As of 2011, there were 10,730 hectares of forested land in the province, 26 per cent of which were stocked for harvesting purposes. Over the course of the 18th century the Royal Navy was to become the dominant judicial and political force in Newfoundland. are located in its interior. During the 16th century this was a migratory fishery with crews they also began to suffer from European diseases, particularly tuberculosis. to the West Coast, helping launch Canadas LNG industry. A few important offshore islands (e.g., Fogo, Ramea, Bell and the Little Bay Islands) have ferry service, while others (e.g., Random, Twillingate and Greenspond) are now linked by causeways.