Hypoventilation treatment is dependent upon the cause. Research has shown that lifestyle modifications, including following a nutrient-rich diet, can help protect your lungs. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. other information we have about you. Radiology. Linear opacities in the lung base are noted compatibke with subsegmental atelectasis ? This can be something that presses on the lung from the outside like fluid, a mass, bleeding, infection and scarring of the lung. Mostly, atelectasis (collapsed lung) improves without any treatment. Strategies to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications. This causes your lung to shrink or collapse, squeezing air out of your alveoli. [1], Different physical therapy interventions have shown to be beneficial in the resolution of atelectasis. AM: Literature search, study design, data collection, analysis of data,manuscript preparation, review of the manuscript. HealthTap uses cookies to enhance your site experience and for analytics and advertising purposes. Heres what you should know about symptoms, diagnosis, and, Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. If the mild bibasilar atelectasis is due to blockage, the route is made clear by removing the blockage. The approach of the treatment is to identify and treating the underlying condition. Pleural thickening can indicate serious diseases, such as mesothelioma. It can be used under the following circumstances: Following video shows how bronchoscopy is performed to remove an inhaled foreign body: Atelectasis is a pathology that often occurs secondary to an underlying condition or as a postoperative complication and can be significantly morbid or mortal. This may be due to the use of anesthesia or the patient might be suffered from irritation in diaphragm. 2020 [published online ahead of print]. 1998-2023 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). Current challenges in the recognition, prevention and treatment of perioperative pulmonary atelectasis. Atelectasis in children. Table 1 shows basal characteristics of the patients that accomplished the inclusion criteria (including time from the beginning of symptoms). Early mobilization reduces the atelectasis and pleural effusion in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A randomized clinical trial, Deep-Breathing Exercises Reduce Atelectasis and Improve Pulmonary Function after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery., Chest Physical Therapy for Patients in the Intensive Care Unit., Physical Therapy in Critically Ill Adult Patients: Recommendations from the Brazilian Association of Intensive Care Medicine Department of Physical Therapy., Effect of Combined Kinetic Therapy and Percussion Therapy on the Resolution of Atelectasis in Critically Ill Patients., Mechanical Insufflation-Exsufflation versus Conventional Chest Physiotherapy in Children with Cerebral Palsy., The Effects of Mechanical Insufflation-Exsufflation on Lung Function and Complications in Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Pilot Study., Effects of Mechanical Insufflation-Exsufflation on Airway Mucus Clearance among Mechanically Ventilated ICU Subjects., Efficacy of Incentive Spirometer in Increasing Maximum Inspiratory Volume in an Out-Patient Setting., Sustained maximal inspiration has similar effects compared to incentive spirometers, Incentive spirometry for tracheostomy and laryngectomy patients, The Use of Manual Hyperinflation in Airway Clearance., Benefits and Risks of Manual Hyperinflation in Intubated and Mechanically Ventilated Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Systematic Review., Airway Clearance Applications in Infants and Children., Use of Positive Pressure in the Bariatric Surgery and Effects on Pulmonary Function and Prevalence of Atelectasis: Randomized and Blinded Clinical Trial., The Role of Chest Physiotherapy in Prevention of Postextubation Atelectasis in Pediatric Patients with Neuromuscular Diseases., RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL of PHYSIOTHERAPY for POSTOPERATIVE PULMONARY COMPLICATIONS., Chest High-Frequency Oscillatory Treatment for Severe Atelectasis in a Patient with Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis.. 'mild' means that the changes are slight/minimal. Atelectasis. It changes your regular pattern of breathing and affects the exchange of lung gases, which can cause the air sacs (alveoli) to deflate. what does this mean , (asthma, coughing and flem , no fever pain in,chest where brocolo area is and hurts to take deep breath s cough for 4 mths that doesnt stop and fl. This condition usually does not require treatment, as the lung inflates normally when the person is sitting or standing up. The word "parenchyma" signifies the functional units, the alveoli, of the lungs. Medications. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of J98.11 - other international versions of ICD-10 J98.11 may differ. When a lung collapses, even partially, it affects the quality of oxygen that is carried to various organs. Goldman L, et al., eds. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2018. First, this is a retrospective study, but in a situation of healthcare collapse, it was impossible to carry out prospective studies which need more time for approval and organization. A single copy of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use only. You'll soon start receiving the latest Mayo Clinic health information you requested in your inbox. Well-defined, linear opacity is seen in the left lower lobe (red asterisk), corresponding to laminar atelectasis (middle panel). An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. For a variety of reasons these bronchioles and air sacs can def. information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of . A subtype of subsegmental atelectasis is linear atelectasis (also known as discoid or plate-like atelectasis, and historically as Fleischner lines on chest radiographs ). It is a safe mode of treatment for lung collapse. Severe acute respiratory syndrome: thin-section computed tomography features, temporal changes, and clinico-radiologic correlation during the convalescent period. At times atelectasis can be overlooked, particularly when pulmonary opacification is minimal or absent, and at other times it might be interpreted as being some other form of intrathoracic pathology, particularly pneumonia. Atelectasias em pediatria: mecanismos, diagnstico e tratamento. What are atelectasis and pneumothorax? We follow a strict editorial policy and we have a zero-tolerance policy regarding any level of plagiarism. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: Atelectasis, Bronchoscopy., Johns Hopkins Medicine: Atelectasis., Continuing Education in Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain: Pulmonary atelectasis in anaesthesia and critical care., Merck Manual Consumer Version: Atelectasis.. Hello, I can understand your anxiety. Chest tube insertion: Procedure, complications, and removal, Types of restrictive lung disease and their causes, feeling their breath is too shallow or quick, not being able to take a full, satisfying breath, hypoxia or when the blood does not carry enough oxygen, respiratory failure, which can be life-threatening. Patients with larger atelectasis requires more intensive surveillance and might benefit of open lung techniques. There may be no obvious signs or symptoms of atelectasis. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30370-2. Mild bibasilar atelectasis develops when the lower lobes of lungs get mildly collapsed. 1173185. This can be caused by: Some people may be more likely than others to have atelectasis. Atelectasis is a lung condition that happens when your airways or the tiny sacs at the end of them dont expand the way they should when you breathe. 2007;62(3):2539. Alveoli are located at the end of each bronchiole, which are small branches off of the bronchi, or air tubes. New concepts of atelectasis during general anaesthesia. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. What does it mean when you have a mild plate like atelectasis in the lung? Mucus that plugs the airway, foreign objects in the . Joly BS, Siguret V, Veyradier A. Your lung has a bunch of small grape-like sacs known as the alveoli. The surfactant is present on the lining of the lungs and is responsible for the proper functioning of the lungs. Sensitive data of the patients (name, surname, medical record number, etc.) Patients who are on bed rest after having undergone a surgery may also develop atelectasis or dependant atelectasis if they are not made to move about every hour or so. Wong KT, Antonio GE, Hui DS, Lee N, Yuen EH, Wu A, Leung CB, Rainer TH, Cameron P, Chung SS, Sung JJ, Ahuja AT. Is it serious? If I Want To Conceive, Will My Husband's Diabetes Affect Our Baby ? Cookies policy. By using our website, you consent to our use of cookies. Atelectasis is the complete or partial collapse of a lung or lobe of a lung, according to Mayo Clinic. PubMed Central SatO2/FiO2 ratio was lower in patients with large compared to small atelectasis (p=0.01). When this happens, you can have the typical symptoms of pneumonia, such as: Many things can cause atelectasis. Atelectasis is a common complication of various pulmonary and chest disorders, including RDS, MAS, and pneumonia, rather than an independent disease. The infective condition in the lungs may also lead to lung collapse. HealthTap uses cookies to enhance your site experience and for analytics and advertising purposes. There are three major types of atelectasis: adhesive, compressive, and obstructive. Furthermore, the greatest prevalence of atelectasis was mostly composed by mild, segmental or subsegmental atelectasis. Atelectasis is a condition in which there is collapse of lung tissue ( parenchyma) with loss of volume. Perioperative Pulmonary Atelectasis: Part I. In patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, atelectasis might appear in up to 24% of patients and the presence of larger amount of atelectasis is associated with worse oxygenation and clinical outcome. Current challenges in the recognition, prevention and treatment of perioperative pulmonary atelectasis. JAMA. Atelectasis occurs from a blocked airway (obstructive) or pressure from outside the lung (nonobstructive). Trauma or injuries to the chest area. It may be a remnant of a prior inflammatory process like bronchopneumonia. Types and mechanisms of pulmonary atelectasis, Pulmonary Atelectasis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes, Atelectasis, Middle Lobe Syndrome and Plastic Bronchitis. Marini JJ, Gattinoni L. Management of COVID-19 respiratory distress. If we combine this information with your protected Is Bronchoscopy Indicated in the Management of Atelectasis? 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC. The mild bibasilar atelectasis, even after treatment may reduce the overall capacity of . Also talk to them about a device called an incentive spirometer, which helps promote proper breathing. Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Smoking Pot Every Day Linked to Heart Risks, Artificial Sweetener Linked to Heart Risks, FDA Authorizes First At-Home Test for COVID and Flu, New Book: Take Control of Your Heart Disease Risk, MINOCA: The Heart Attack You Didnt See Coming, Health News and Information, Delivered to Your Inbox, Fluid or air between your lung and your chest wall (, Conditions that damage your nerves and muscles, such as a spinal cord injury or, An illness or injury that makes it harder to breathe or swallow, Physiotherapy such as tapping on your chest to break up mucus, lying on one side or with your head lower than your chest to drain. Infection. Atelectasis is the condition wherein the lungs get collapsed due to various reasons and the lungs are unable to perform the function of exchange of gases in an efficient manner. With atelectasis, these sacs are collapsed. It often occurs after heart bypass surgery. Learn more about what to expect before, during, and. Wichmann D, Sperhake JP, Ltgehetmann M, Steurer S, Edler C, Heinemann A, et al. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine, jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2653738, nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/pulmonary/atelectasis-and-pneumothorax. Accessed August 20, 2018. Atelectasis is common after surgery or in people who are or were in the hospital. It occurs when the tiny air sacs (alveoli) within the lung become deflated or possibly filled with alveolar fluid. Article Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. minimal bibasilar atelectasis on ct scan minimal bibasilar atelectasis on ct scan. BMC Pulm Med 21, 267 (2021). Increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), Inflammation as a local tissue biologic response, Impaired penetration of antibiotics into lung tissue, Factors that can initiate or exaggerate lung injury, Reduced breath sound on the ipsilateral side of. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Educational text answers on HealthTap are not intended for individual diagnosis, treatment or prescription. From the 237 patients analyzed, 155 patients (111 males and 44 females; mean age 68.813.9years) met the inclusion criteria. Call your doctor or 911 if you think you may have a medical emergency. Loss of the Left hemidiaphragm outline posteriorly and denser lower thoracic vertebrae can be observed on the lateral view. On the CT Scan they found no pericardial effusion, but they did find bibasilar subsegmental atelectasis. Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier; 2018. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Atelectasis. Intensive Care Med. Ground-glass opacities (GGOs) show up as lighter-colored or gray patches on chest CT scans of the lungs. What are some of the treatments for lung pleurisy? Source images were transmitted to workstations for multiplanar reconstructions and to picture archiving and communication systems (PACS). It may involve small parts of the lung or a larger surface depending on the cause. Learn how to clean your lungs with exercise, diet changes, and other remedies. Etiology, diagnosis and treatment in childhood atelectasis. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. Representative chest Computed Tomography scans in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Proportion of collapse is very small therefore there are hardly any symptoms. Keep reading to learn more about atelectasis, including its obstructive and nonobstructive causes. The white out (complete opacification of a hemithorax) can be seen in complete lung collapse. This scarring is permanent and makes it harder for your alveoli to inflate. The establishment of an early treatment with non-invasive respiratory ventilation to reverse atelectasis or prevent their progression, together with intensive surveillance or in intermediate care, could prevent a progression of lung injury with a worse outcome in patients in which this condition is detected. The right hemidiaphragm may appear elevated because of the obliteration. Common causes of nonobstructive atelectasis include: Atelectasis can happen during or after any surgical procedure. Pleural effusion is a buildup of fluid in the space between the outside lining of your lung and the lining of your inner chest wall. Gravity-dependent atelectasis occurs due to a combination of reduced alveolar volume and increased perfusion. This may occur in two ways. Springer Nature. Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine. If the condition develops rapidly or affects much of the lung, it can be life-threatening and symptoms may be severe. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Aug. 27, 2018. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. The process of effective airway clearance begins with the recognition of secretions in the airway and culminates in expectoration or swallowing. Atelectasis is a condition characterized by the lung collapse. Bronchiectasis is a condition where damage causes the tubes in your lungs (airways) to widen or develop pouches. Obstructive atelectasis happens when something physically blocks your airway. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. By using our website, you consent to our use of cookies. Atelectasis Treatment and Recovery. Acute lobar atelectasis: a comparison of two chest physiotherapy regimens. lvaro Mingote. The atelectasis may also occur as an aftermath of the surgery. Bibasilar atelectasis can be mild, affecting only a small portion of the lungs. My husband has some minor linear atelectasis in the left lingula with slight dependant atelectasis at the lung base also mild right hilar lymphadenop? Bope ET, et al. As the lowest lobes of the lungs get collapsed, the alveoli situated in these lobes could no longer exchange the gases from the blood. Usually, these two linings are in close contact, with the lining of the chest wall helping hold the lungs open. In case you do experience these symptoms, your doctor may conduct a physical exam, before asking you to undergo tests like an x-ray, an ultrasound or a CT scan of the chest. Patients with no atelectasis required 15 (7 to 23) days of in-hospital admission, compared to 14 (6 to 23) days in patients with small atelectasis (p=0.99) and to 40 (17 to 54) days in patients with large atelectasis (p=0.02) (Fig. Pleural effusion, also called water on the lung, happens when fluid builds up between your lungs and chest cavity. Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW The Essential Diabetes Book - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Ending the Opioid Crisis - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Book: Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, 5th Edition, Newsletter: Mayo Clinic Health Letter Digital Edition. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Walking a short distance in the room or corridor on the second postoperative day. Moreover, the hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction reflex (Euler-Liljestrand mechanism [17]) may further worsen ischemic and thrombotic phenomena in the lung. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Revista da Associao Mdica Brasileira. Khan AN, Al-Jahdali H, AL-Ghanem S, Gouda A. Liu J, Chen S-W, Liu F, Li Q-P, Kong X-Y, Feng Z-C. Acosta CM, Maidana GA, Jacovitti D, Belaunzarn A, Cereceda S, Rae E, et al. Some of the causes of atelectasis are quite serious and need to be addressed by medical professionals immediately. In addition, patients with larger atelectasis showed worse oxygenation ratios (Sat O2/FiO2) during admission and had a longer in-hospital stay (nearly the double than in patients with small or no atelectasis). SUDDEN CHEST PAIN AND FEELING OF IMPENDING DOOM. The following complications may result from atelectasis: Atelectasis in children is often caused by a blockage in the airway. However, theyre different conditions. Can Chicken And Fish Be Consumed After Gallbladder Surgery? i'm 44. my mother died of ipf at 43.should i worry? . For potential or actual medical emergencies, immediately call 911 or your local emergency service. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Sommer N, Dietrich A, Schermuly RT, Ghofrani HA, Gudermann T, Schulz R. Regulation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction: basic mechanisms. Doctors call that condition atelectasis. Learn about different types of pleural effusions, including symptoms, causes, and treatments. I had a CT scan a/c thoracic aortic aneurysm, which is unchanged, thank goodness. JGF: Literature search, study design, manuscript preparation, review of the manuscript. When you breathe in and out, your lungs inflate and deflate like balloons. G Gattinoni L, Chiumello D, Caironi P, Busana M, Romitti F, Brazzi L, Camporota L, et al. Pleural thickening occurs when scar tissue develops on the lining of the lungs, or the pleura. Atelectasis of Lung as a First Sign of Lung Cancer - longdom.org Carbon dioxide also passes from the blood to the sacs to leave the body. 2003;228(2):395400. If only a few alveoli are involved or it happens slowly, you might not have any symptoms. Lung scarring is also called pulmonary fibrosis. Created for people with ongoing healthcare needs but benefits everyone. Conde MV, et al. Since minimal dependent atelectasis affects only a small part of the lungs, the symptoms are generally not too severe. Among them, 19% of the patients showed small atelectasis and 5% of the patients showed large atelectasis. If your breathing becomes increasingly difficult, seek emergency medical help. Narrowing of the Airway: There are certain kinds of lung . Accessed July 23, 2018. The term atelectasis . Previous studies reported a lower incidence of atelectasis in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia [3]. What does it mean when you have a mild plate like atelectasis in the lung? Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. 'dependent' means that the less inflated areas are in regions of the lung where gravity is pulling the tissue down - often related . These usually include pain relievers, inhaled bronchodilators and acetylcysteine. statement and Treatment for mild atelectasis. Doctors resolve other occurrences by treating the underlying cause, such as a blood clot or tumor. All patients were aged>18years and informed consent was obtained before performing the chest CT. No personal data from patients is included in this paper nor in the figures. A second major reason is gas resorption. Accessed August 20, 2018. Your lungs are where your body takes in oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide. Ferri FF. transferred to this software, were duly encoded. Depending on the cause, healthcare professionals categorize atelectasis as either obstructive or nonobstructive. Scores used in the study & Analysis of in-hospital mortality adjusted to pulmonary embolism (PE). Ye Z, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Huang Z, Song B. down - often related to the patient being in one position for a long time. Depending on the underlying cause, atelectasis can involve either small or large portions of your lung. Columns show the median score (15, 14 and 40days respectively) and bars show the p75, n shows number of patients from each group. Thorax. It is a reversible condition and usually occurs secondary to an underlying pathology. Further, the obstruction may also be due to tumor. Dr Basu. Columns show the median score (357, 411 and 182 respectively) and bars show the p75, n shows number of patients from each group. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Atelectasis: Types and pathogenesis in adults. However, previous studies did not focus on atelectasis but generally describing the most frequently patterns at chest CT scans [13, 14]. Some of the other factors that could lead to atelectasis include -. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. The term atelectasis can also be used to describe the collapse of a previously inflated lung, either partially or fully, because of specific respiratory disorders. Sat O2/FiO2 ratio from each patient was collected as an indirect estimate of lung oxygenation capacity [11] at two moments: at the time of the chest CT and the worse ratio during the hospitalization. Linear opacities in the lung base are noted compatible with subsegmental atelectasis?meaning (asthma, cough, flem, no fever, seen specialist asthma. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Air gets stuck in the space between the outside of your lung and your inner chest wall. It seen at bilateral lungs relieves me a bit. Your doctor will show you deep breathing techniques which should get your lungs to expand. Connect with a U.S. board-certified doctor by text or video anytime, anywhere. Review/update the Get prescriptions or refills through a video chat, if the doctor feels the prescriptions are medically appropriate. I had a ct scan of my abdomen and pelvis. This content does not have an Arabic version. Staying in the same position for long periods of time often leads to poor ventilation of the lungs. Atelectasis is the condition when the lungs do not work efficiently. When the report came back, it mentioned an unrelated finding, noting, "Dependent changes and atelectasis is seen in the lung bases bilaterally." I gather that atelectasis refers to the alveoli being deflated. Atelectasis with pneumonia: a pathophysiologic study. If the lungs are affected marginally, this condition is called mild dependent atelectasis. Last medically reviewed on November 10, 2021. This condition . Family Medicine 59 years experience. Each of the five lung lobes was visually scored on a scale of 0 to 5: 0: no involvement; 1: less than 5% involvement; 2: 525% involvement; 3: 2649% involvement; 4: 5075% involvement; 5: more than 75% involvement. Atelectasis and scarring are two conditions of the lungs that make it difficult to breath 1 2. Incidence doesn't increase in patient with increased age, The incidence of atelectasis in patients who have recently undergone general anesthesia is as high as 90%, It is commonly observed as a complication in, Atelectasis is less commonly seen in patients with conditions like, Cephalad displacement of the diaphragm in, pathophysiologic mechanism (e.g., compressive atelectasis), the amount of lung involved (e.g., lobar, segmental, or subsegmental atelectasis). Luftsichel sign is present (hyper-expanded superior segment of the left lower lobe). Figure 9.9 Post-Operative Atelectasis: Linear or Plate Like Atelectasis; Left Lower Lobe Imaging Assessment. Manage Settings Physiopedia is not a substitute for professional advice or expert medical services from a qualified healthcare provider. Mayo Clinic is a not-for-profit organization. i had mild inflammation and took dexamethasone? . Read More. The decision should be taken quickly so as to prevent further damage and to prevent the tumor from metastasizing. Mild biapical pleural/parenchymal scarring is present." https://www.physio-pedia.com/index.php?title=Atelectasis&oldid=312944, Respiratory System - Assessment and Examination. In our study, the prevalence of atelectasis was 24% which is higher than the previously reported (around 5%) [12]. Patients with large atelectasis showed a tendency to a greater involvement of lung tissue by SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia than in those without and small atelectasis. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-06801. g ., for premature neonates) can result in lacking surfactant capacity. What is Dependent Atelectasis? It is like a balloon with the air let out. Google Scholar. There are some factors due to which the alveoli may remain collapsed even when you inhale. In this sense, in the group of patients without atelectasis 18 patients (15%) needed to be admitted in the ICU, compared to 2 patients (7%) in the group of small atelectasis (p=0.37) and to 6 patients (75%) in the group of larger atelectasis (p<0.01). JGS: study design, data collection, manuscript preparation, review of the manuscript. Privacy A wedge-shaped opacity can be seen on the lateral view as the result of right horizontal and oblique fissures moving towards each other. Following are the treatments followed depending upon the underlying cause: Blockage. Representative chest Computed Tomography scans in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. I. Moradian ST, Najafloo M, Mahmoudi H, Ghiasi MS. Frana E;Ferrari F;Fernandes P;Cavalcanti R;Duarte A;Martinez BP;Aquim EE;Damasceno MC.